Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokunyanga amanzi
November 13, 2023
Ulwazi olusisiseko lokucoca amanzi kwimithombo yendalo, kubandakanya amanzi angaphezulu kunye namanzi aphantsi komhlaba, anezinto ezahlukeneyo zokungcola. Ukungcola okuqulathwe kumthombo wamanzi kunokwahlulwa kwimicimbi enqunyanyisiweyo, umbandela we-colloidal kunye nomcimbi oqiqayo ngokokulingana kwabo kunye nefom ekhoyo. Ukungcola emanzini kunokubekwa kumcimbi we-inorganic, izinto eziphilayo kunye ne-microorganism. Eyona nto iphambili kwizinyibilikisi ezinqunyanyisiweyo yimeko enqunyanyisiweyo emanzini ashukumayo. Ukukhanya kwamanzi kuyadada amanzi anzima kwaye antywila emanzini anzima. I-Inorganic i-Inorganing kumanzi angaphezulu komhlaba ikakhulu, idongwe elikhulu okanye inkunkuma yeminerali, njl. Njl. Izinto ezinkulu ezifana nokhula lwe-aquatic, ukuvelisa kwakhona kweplakton ethile (enjenge-algae, intsholongwane, okanye iprotozoa) kunye nendawo ye-organic evela kumngxunya. Amasuntswana amakhulu, anjengokhula lwe-aquatic, asuswa ngokulula, ngelixa amasuntswana amancinci kunzima ukuyisusa. Ukungcola kwe-Colloidal kumanzi endalo ahlelwa kwiindidi ezimbini: I-Inorgain Colloids (Colloids, iClay Colloids) kunye ne-Colloids) kunye neeProtishini ezahlukeneyo (izinto ezithobekileyo, njl.njl.). Ukungcola kwe-Colloidal kuZinza emanzini kwaye akuhlali ngokuzenzekelayo xa ushiye ixesha elide. Izinto ezigwenxa ezichithiweyo: ioksijini (o2) kunye ne-carbon diokside (CO2) zikho emanzini kwimeko yemolekyuli. Ilizwe le-Ionic emanzini sisiseko se-inorganic ichithiwe emanzini, njenge-calcium, i-calcium, i-iron, i-carbonate, i-chloride, kunye ne-chloride, kunye ne-chlolor. Ukungcola okungafunekiyo akunakususwa ngayo nayiphi na indlela yoomatshini okanye indlela ye-ageglomeration, zisezipho zikhulu kwaye zidlula emanzini. Ngenxa yokuphikisana kunye nezithuba phakathi komgangatho wamanzi endalo kunye neemfuno zomisebenzisi kumgangatho wamanzi, kufuneka sikwazi ukwamkela iindlela zokucoca amanzi kwaye sisebenzise amanzi afanelekileyo ohlangeneyo ukuba afumane amanzi ahlanganisiweyo okanye iimfuno zemveliso. 
Oku kulandelayo yinkcazo emfutshane yezinye iindlela zokunyanga amanzi asetyenziswayo:
1. Cacisa Iithagethi zecawa zamanzi zinqunyanyisiwe ziinyibilikisi kunye nezinto ze-collodal kumanzi aluhlaza, ezinciphisa i-turbidity yezi zinto kumanzi anqabileyo. Inkqubo yonyango ekhethekileyo inokwahlulwa ibe yi: Ukucofa, ukuhambisa kunye nokufakelwa. (1) Ukudibana Kumanzi aphantsi, iarhente (i-arhente yophumeleleyo) inyanzelekile ukuba iqulethwe iarhente kunye namanzi aluhlaza axutywe kwaye asabele ngokwaneleyo (okt, inkqubo yokuhlawula i-colloidal kwi Amanzi enza i-bicc enkulu ye-Floc ekulula ukuyitywina, ebizwa ngokuba yintyatyambo. " (2) Ubungakanani Ngenkqubo ye-REAGS, amanzi e-Raw angenela i-floc enkulu ye-floc ukuya kwitanki yokuqesha, ukwahlulwa okuthile kwenziwa ngetanki ye-sediment, kunye nokungcola okukhulu emanzini ukuya emazantsi etanki . Inkqubo yokucoca ingentla nayo inokugqitywa yi-clorifier, eyenziweyo edibanisa ukuphendula kunye novavanyo. (3) Isihluzo Emva kokuba amanzi e-Raw edlula kwi-caabiction kunye nenkqubo ye-sedimetion, i-turbidity incitshisiwe kakhulu, kodwa ezinye izinto ezingcolileyo zisekho kwi-sodiment yetanki, kwaye idlula kwimithombo yeendaba yegranuunt (efana I-quartz sand, ilahleko ye-anthracing, njl njl. Ukugcinwa kokungcola okuhle emanzini kunciphisa ubugqwetha bamanzi. Xa i-tudionaty yamanzi amantshontsho iphantsi, amanzi aphantsi emva kokuba inaliti yekhemikhali inokufaka inkqubo yokufihla ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokudibana, i-sedation, kunye ne-sedation. Le nkqubo yokucacisa ingentla (i-quabtion, i-pubiotion, kunye neflication) ayiphumi nje i-turbidity yamanzi aluhlaza, kodwa ikwasebenza kakuhle ekususweni kombala, iintsholongwane, kwaye intsholongwane. Kumanzi aphantsi ane turicity ephezulu, iitanki ze-sediment okanye iitanki ezilungisiweyo zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukususa amasuntswana e-sediment enobungakanani obukhulu. 2. Intsholongwane Xa amanzi e-RAW AMANQAKU APHAKATHI Kukho neendlela zokubulala iintsholongwane amanzi esebenzisa i-ozone okanye i-ultraviolet radiation. Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo zimbini zeendlela zonyango lwamanzi, ezinye iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo zonyango zi-doodoris, i-chioris, i-iron ukususwa; Ukuthamba, ukuchithwa kunye nokukhululwa. Ngokutsho komgangatho wamanzi olwahlukileyo kunye neemfuno zomgangatho wamanzi, ezi ndlela zonyango zinokusetyenziswa zodwa, okanye iindlela ezininzi zonyango zinokusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo ukwenza iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ukucocwa kwamanzi, ihlala idibeneyo yonyango oluliqela ukufezekisa injongo yebhalansi yamanzi.
